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1. What is a greenhouse gas inventory?

Greenhouse gas inventory is the process of reviewing, collecting, and calculating the amount of GHG emissions and absorption within a determined scope according to methods and procedures issued by competent authorities. Inventorying greenhouse gas emissions is the first step to creating a foundation for businesses to know their position in the country's greenhouse gas emission reduction map.

2. Which facilities and sectors must inventory greenhouse gases?

In Vietnam, according to Article 6 of Decree No. 06/2022/ND-CP on regulations on GHG emission mitigation and ozone layer protection, it is stipulated that establishments must carry out greenhouse gas inventories including:

• Facilities with total annual GHG emissions of 3,000 tons of CO2 equivalent or more.
• The facilities have a total annual energy consumption of 1,000 tons of oil equivalent.
• Solid waste treatment facilities with an annual operating capacity of 65,000 tons or more.

Enterprises and organizations in the following 6 sectors must conduct GHG inventories:

Energy sector	Coal, oil, and natural gas mining industry; Energy production, nuclear; Commercial, service and civil	Has annual emissions >= 3000 tons of CO2 equivalent
Industry	Thermal power plants, chemical production; Metallurgical; electronic; Use substitutes for ozone-depleting substances; Production and use of other industrial products	Total energy consumption >=1,000 tons of oil equivalent (TOE)
Transportation	Energy consumption in transportation	Total annual fuel consumption such as oil and gas... >=1,000 TOE
Construction industry	Commercial buildings; Production of building materials	Annual energy consumption >=1,000 TOE
Agriculture and Forestry	Land use, Livestock, farming consume energy; Change, improvement and land use; Aquaculture; Other emission sources
Waste sector	Waste and wastewater treatment; Solid waste landfills; Treatment by biological methods; Incineration, open burning, wastewater treatment and discharge

3. Benefits of conducting a greenhouse gas inventory

Greenhouse gas inventory brings great benefits to countries, specifically:

• Assessing the impact of human activities: We can know exactly which human activities are affecting climate change and the natural environment. From there, countries shape policies, decide on greenhouse gas reduction goals, and design emissions reduction programs in parallel with promoting renewable energy.
• Ensuring legal compliance: The inventory ensures compliance with regulations and standards on greenhouse gas emissions, creating a solid foundation for businesses to produce and develop their business without being affected by legal factors..
• Optimize productivity: Measuring, updating data and reporting Carbon accounting progress helps governments, businesses, organizations and individuals optimize energy use, thereby improving efficiency and quality. product quantity.
• Reduce costs: Discover opportunities to reduce costs through managing energy efficiency and emissions and provide necessary solutions suitable for each industry and field.
• Sustainable growth and environmental protection: Contributing to the development of green, sustainable technology. In addition, creating motivation for change, promoting international cooperation, increasing sympathy and attracting environmentally sensitive customers.
• Promoting international cooperation: GHG inventory activities play a role in promoting international cooperation. Accurate and fair data from the inventory is the basis for building trust, unity, and reaching agreements and commitments between countries on reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Greenhouse gas inventory is the foundation for the process of reducing carbon methane and other emissions, helping us control emissions from production and business activities. Thanks to that, countries will assess the amount of emissions that cause climate change, and environmental pollution, or need to come up with appropriate solutions. 

4. Instructions on steps to inventory greenhouse gases

Below are 9 general steps of the GHG inventory implementation process:

Step 1: Collect data

Before conducting a GHG inventory, you need to collect all data on greenhouse gas-emitting activities in your company or organization. This data includes greenhouse gas emissions from different sources such as energy consumption, production processes, and transportation.

Step 2: Determine the inventory scope

After collecting data, you need to determine the scope of inventory including: Types of gas to be inventoried, origin and time range for inventory.

Step 3: Measure and calculate

The next step is to measure and calculate the amount of greenhouse gases emitted from the identified sources. This includes identifying the greenhouse gases that need to be inventoried, their sources, and the time horizon you want to inventory.

Step 4: Analyze and evaluate

After having measurement and calculation data, you need to conduct analysis and assessment of the impacts of the inventoried greenhouse gases.

Step 5: Develop mitigation measures

Based on the results of analysis and assessment, you can develop appropriate measures to reduce GHG impacts such as: using renewable energy, improving production efficiency, and applying green technology.

Above is information to help you better understand greenhouse gas inventories. In the context of the growing problem of climate change due to the negative impacts of greenhouse gas emissions, conducting a greenhouse gas inventory has become more important than ever. Greenhouse gas inventory not only demonstrates the obligation of organizations and countries to protect the environment but also helps build a sustainable future for us and future generations. Please follow Thuan Hai's website to continue reading useful articles about sustainable energy solutions and related information.